{"id":930,"date":"2013-04-08T19:06:44","date_gmt":"2013-04-08T19:06:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/?p=930"},"modified":"2013-04-14T23:01:29","modified_gmt":"2013-04-14T23:01:29","slug":"programming-by-tori-eisenstadt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/2013\/04\/08\/programming-by-tori-eisenstadt\/","title":{"rendered":"Programming"},"content":{"rendered":"

Programming<\/strong><\/p>\n

By: Tori Eisenstadt<\/p>\n

The media world has evolved since the birth of broadcast television in the 1950s.\u00a0 First there were the three broadcast networks\u2014CBS, ABC, and NBC.\u00a0 With only three options and no recording devices for later viewing, people watched the same programs at the same time.\u00a0 When cable arrived in the 1980s, content expanded, and viewers had more options.\u00a0 Today, with the Internet, and streaming devices, people can watch what they want, when they want.\u00a0 The programming options are endless, with numerous platforms of distribution.\u00a0 Therefore the viewing habits have changed for television\u2019s audience, and programmers have had to adapt to these habits in order to continue to capture their target demographics.\u00a0 The Internet specifically has been one of the forces to change viewing habits, as content viewing services such as Netflix and Hulu began streaming shows online.<\/p>\n

History:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cAs television in the United States evolved, its principal purpose has become the distribution of commercials.\u00a0 That is, television networks in the U.S. exist primarily to deliver audiences composed of specific demographics to advertisers\u201d (Blumenthal and Goodenough 2006).<\/p>\n

Television followed radio broadcasting\u2019s business model.\u00a0 From the start of radio, advertisers funded the stations to produce programming in exchange for associations with those programs.\u00a0 Early on some television programs were fully sponsored by a single company and others were often interrupted for commercials.\u00a0 With both radio and television, certain times of the day, \u201cdayparts\u201d were designed to draw different audiences.\u00a0 For instance afternoon soap operas are targeted to woman, while prime time television is targeted to more general audiences.<\/p>\n

When cable was introduced in the 1980s, it used the audience segmentation strategy to create individual brands.\u00a0 Content created for each cable network goes along with the target audience the network is trying to reach.\u00a0 (Blumenthal & Goodenough 2006).<\/p>\n

Cable vs Broadcast Networks: program trends<\/strong><\/p>\n

In recent years, the quality of cable programming has significantly improved and has proven successful in the ratings. Just this week, AMC\u2019s \u201cWalking Dead\u201d was the cable show viewed, with 12.419 million viewers (triple the size of the audience for CBS\u2019 \u201cThe Good Wife\u201d on that same night); The History Channel\u2019s \u201cThe Bible\u201d came in second with 11.745 million.\u00a0 (1<\/a>) \u00a0 A major difference between cable & network programming is cable television shows include more violence and sexual content.For the first time at the 2012 Emmys, cable series beat the networks.\u00a0 Not a single network show was nominated for best drama. (2<\/a>)<\/p>\n

Television Ad Sales Decline:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"CBS<\/a><\/p>\n

It\u2019s a known fact that without advertising, a television or cable station can\u2019t survive.\u00a0 Though maybe not always supportive of each other\u2019s roles, programming needs the ad revenue, and advertisers need programming to reach the audience they need.<\/p>\n

Many of the networks ratings have dropped significantly this season.\u00a0 NBC once in the lead finds itself in last place of the top 4 networks. As The New York Times reported on February 24th<\/sup>, \u201cThe ratings of last September through December, when NBC shocked the television industry by winning 13 of 15 weeks, have dissipated to numbers so small they have not been seen before by any broadcast network \u2014 certainly not during a rating period known as a sweeps month, when networks present their strongest programming.\u201d (3<\/a>)<\/p>\n

With ratings at an all time low this year for the broadcast networks, advertising agencies are likely to invest more in cable and online ad placement. \u00a0Even though the cable ratings are lower, the ad spots are cheaper, and since broadcast ratings have decreased, more advertisers are likely to spend the money on cable slots.\u00a0 (4<\/a>)<\/p>\n

Programming Moves Online<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Hulu-logo\"<\/a>\"netflix\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"amazon\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Online streaming services have changed the way people watch television, and has now become a viable alternative to network and cable programming.\u00a0 For last few years, the Internet has spurred the audience trend of \u201cbinge viewing\u201d, with the availability of full series streaming online.\u00a0 This gives viewers the opportunity to both catch up on a show, or start a new series, and often people will watch a full series at once (hence the term \u201cbinge viewing\u201d). In January, Netflix released their\u00a0 first original series, the $100 million dollar drama, \u201cHouse of Cards\u201d all at once.\u00a0 In May, the online subscription service will launch a new season of the successful comedy \u201cArrested Development\u201d, which originally aired on FOX.\u00a0 Netflix has four more series on the way this year.\u00a0 Amazon.com and Hulu are also joining in on the trend of internet original programming.\u00a0 Amazon has produced several pilot episodes for at least six comedies, and five children\u2019s shows, and they plan to announce more soon.\u00a0 Unlike earlier internet programming, these shows look and feel like traditional television.\u00a0 That\u2019s because the companies involved in the production are spending millions:\u00a0 Amazon is said to have invested $1 million for each of their comedy pilots, which is less than the $2 million invested in a broadcast comedy pilot, but more than what is usually invested in a cable pilot.\u00a0 Other companies such as\u00a0 Microsoft, Twitter, AOL, Sony, and satellite provider DirecTV are also said to follow the online original programming trend. (5<\/a>)<\/p>\n

Daytime Trends<\/strong>
\n<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/a>\"GH\"<\/a>\"all<\/a>\"the<\/a>
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Once a network staple, the soap opera has virtually become non-existent in the world of daytime television, due to it\u2019s severe drop in viewership.\u00a0\u00a0 Soaps\u2019 primary audience has traditionally been women ages 25-34, mostly homemakers.\u00a0 (2) However, with more women in the workforce today, less women are home during the day, and therefore less women are watching soap operas.<\/p>\n

In the last few years, the networks have cancelled soap operas.\u00a0 In 2009, CBS cancelled \u201cGuiding Light\u201d, and a year later cancelled \u201cAs the World Turns\u201d.\u00a0 In 2011, ABC cancelled \u201cAll My Children\u201d and \u201cOne Life to Live\u201d, leaving just \u201cGeneral Hospital as the only soap on the network. NBC as well only has one soap remaining, \u201cDays of our Lives, making CBS the only network to have more than one soap on its schedule:\u00a0 \u201cThe Young and the Restless\u201d and \u201cThe Bold and the Beautiful\u201d.\u00a0 (6<\/a>)<\/p>\n

ABC replaced its two cancelled soaps with the cooking talk show last year with \u201cThe Chew\u201d, and in September 2012 added Katie Couric\u2019s talk show \u201cKatie\u201d to its schedule.\u00a0 These shows are cheaper to produce than soap operas, so since soap opera viewership dropped, it made more sense to cancel most and schedule cheaper programming. (7<\/a>)<\/p>\n

Although the networks have cancelled most of the soap operas, fans of the genre may soon be able to watch their favorite soaps online.\u00a0 Both \u201cOne Life to Live\u201d and \u201cAll My Children\u201d are said to air new episodes either via Hulu, Youtube, or Prospect Park\u2019s website The \u201cOnLine Network\u201d on April 29th<\/sup>.\u00a0 (8<\/a>)<\/p>\n

Late-Night Trends<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Jay<\/a>\"jimmy<\/a>\"letterman\"<\/a>\"fallon\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Currently \u00a0late-night programming is experiencing an audience shift.\u00a0 Originally created to target older audiences, it is now skewing younger.\u00a0 The main story in this area of television has been who will replace Jay Leno once his contract is up in 2014.\u00a0 As of April 3rd<\/sup>, it became official that Jimmy Fallon would move to Leno\u2019s 11:35 pm slot.\u00a0 There has been no announcement of who will replace Fallon in his 12:35 slot.\u00a0 More evidence of late-night skewing younger is shown by Jimmy Kimmel beating David Letterman in the 18-34 demo.\u00a0\u00a0 For multiple weeks Jimmy Kimmel beat both Letterman and Leno for multiple weeks this season, and overall ABC has been ranked #1 in late-night for younger audiences.\u00a0 (9<\/a>)<\/p>\n

It is clear that television programming has changed the viewers\u2019 habits and tastes throughout the years.\u00a0 Viewership is no longer limited to watching on a television set anymore.\u00a0 With the advent of cable TV and the internet, television has come a long way from the original programming made for the masses.\u00a0 Today there is a niche for everyone, and many ways to watch.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Programming By: Tori Eisenstadt The media world has evolved since the birth of broadcast television in the 1950s.\u00a0 First there were the three broadcast networks\u2014CBS, ABC, and NBC.\u00a0 With only three options and no recording devices for later viewing, people … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":245,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[245,241],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/930"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/245"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=930"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/930\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1515,"href":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/930\/revisions\/1515"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=930"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=930"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=930"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}