{"id":963,"date":"2013-04-07T18:35:23","date_gmt":"2013-04-07T18:35:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/?p=963"},"modified":"2013-04-14T01:29:38","modified_gmt":"2013-04-14T01:29:38","slug":"regulation-of-distribution-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bejone03.expressions.syr.edu\/trf594\/2013\/04\/07\/regulation-of-distribution-4\/","title":{"rendered":"Regulation of Distribution"},"content":{"rendered":"
By: Chelsea DeCesare<\/pre>\n
History<\/h1>\n
\"948.AntiqueTelevision\"<\/a><\/p>\n
Regulation<\/a> in the cable industry refers to who has the rights to distribute broadcast station signals, and to whom. Regulation of cable distribution first came about in the 1940\u2019s, when cable television system operators\u00a0placed antennas in areas with good reception, picked up broadcast station signals, and then distributed them by coaxial cable to subscribers for a fee.[1]<\/a><\/p>\n
\"Early<\/a>Today, the distribution systems are far more complex. Consumers now have the option to decide when they want to view television content, and if they want to “binge view” through video on demand programs. With a variety of mediums available to take in content, it has become difficult for broadcasters to manage and regulate how and where materials are being viewed.<\/p>\n
With the invention of the Digital Video Recorder or DVR as well as Video on Demand technology, both consumers and companies have the power to record and disseminate live television. For many cable and network providers, this budding technology has threatened vital advertising and subscription revenues.<\/p>\n
The\u00a0Evolution of the DVR<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Tivo and ReplayTV<\/em><\/strong><\/h1>\n
\"tivo_premiere\"<\/a> In January 1999, TiVo<\/a> unveiled it’s Personal Television Service at the National Consumers Electronics Show. After unveiling the first working prototype, and despite an estimated four to five months of work remaining to complete a real working product, the company shipped the first DVR on the planet on March 31, 1999. [2]<\/a><\/p>\n
ReplayTV<\/a> also premiered in 1999, and allowed viewers to record, rewind, and store cable and broadcast programs of the consumers choosing. [3]<\/a><\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a>Both TiVo and ReplayTV currently charge subscribers anywhere from $80 to $200 for their services. Additionally, the services act as a liaison between television signal providers and viewers. They interpret the signals from a provider and allow consumers to tell them what programs they want to record. [4]<\/a><\/p>\n
As a result, there were no initial regulations placed on TiVo, as the content being recorded had to be obtained through a cable subscription.<\/p>\n
Video on Demand<\/strong><\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a>Television video on demand or VOD systems first came to prominence in the 2000’s. VOD’s either stream<\/span> content through a set-top box<\/span>, a computer, or smart device. With a VOD, viewers can either watch in real time on television, or download to an outside device for viewing at any time. <\/span><\/p>\n
With the creation of internet VOD systems, companies looked to pen licensing agreements with media companies in order to provide viewers with a library of shows and movies that they could access at any time.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n
Netflix<\/strong><\/p>\n
\"lifestyle_1600_mock\"<\/a>In January of 2013, Netflix<\/a> signed a multi-year licensing agreement with both Turner Broadcasting and Warner Brother’s Television Group.<\/p>\n
The agreement includes episodes of shows from Cartoon Network<\/a>, Warner Bros. Animation<\/a>, Adult Swim<\/a>, and TNT<\/a>. The deal, which will only make content available to U.S. Netflix subscribers, went into effect on March 30, 2013. [5]<\/a><\/p>\n
\"original\"<\/a>Additionally, in December of 2012, Netflix and Disney<\/a> reached a first time licensing agreement that allowed the streaming of back catalog classic Disney films including Dumbo, Pocahantas, and Alice in Wonderland.<\/p>\n
The Disney deal stipulated that by 2016, all new theatrically released films in the pay TV window will be able to be watched instantly. This includes all films produced by Disney, Walt Disney Animation Studios, Disneynature, Pixar Animation Studios, and Marvel Studios. [6]<\/a><\/p>\n
New and Controversial On Demand Systems<\/strong><\/p>\n
The Hopper<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n
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