Pandora Radio

Posted on March 25, 2015 by Rico Pedraza

by RICO PEDRAZA

Pandora Press Logo (courtesy of Pandora Pressroom) [1]

Pandora App Logo (courtesy of Pandora Pressroom) [2]

Headquarters
2101 Webster Street
16th Floor
Oakland, CA 94612
(510) 451-4100
http://www.pandora.com

Company Overview

Pandora is currently the largest online music streaming and internet radio company in the world with over 81.5 million users as of December 31st, 2014(3). The company is an online music streaming service that provides its users with automated music recommendations based upon a song, artist, album, or genre being searched. This automation is powered by Pandora’s service – the Music Genome Project – which gives human curated music recommendations for each individual. The company currently operates under two payment tiers. A free tier allowing unlimited internet radio music streaming with restrictions on the number of song skips allowed per day, audio quality, and is fueled by advertisements between songs. Alternatively the paid tier “Pandora One” ($4.99 per month or $54.89 per year) (4) offers ad-free listening, higher audio quality on desktop listening, and a higher number of daily song skips allowed.

Key Executives

: Brian McAndrews – Chief Executive Officer, President & Chairman (5)

: Tim Westergren – Founder (6)

: Sara Clemens – Chief Strategy Officer (7)

Brief Company History

Founded by Tim Westergren in 2000 the company has grown to an immaculate 81.5 million user base(3), trumping all other streaming services with Spotify being the closest with 60 million users(8). Based out of Oakland, California, Pandora has had a quick rise in its 15 years earning $920.8 million in total revenue in 2014(9). Over the years Pandora has changed multiple business models, due to new unexpected variable costs in today’s online music streaming industry. These obstacles included the changing climate around artist payouts per stream in the music industry, increased licensing costs through SoundExchange(10) etc. etc. Pandora has been able to take these hurdles in stride, shifting its focus into brand and fan interaction as well as entering the live entertainment space over the past few years.

Interface

The screenshot below shows the typical Pandora user interface with basic music controlling functions present.

User Profile Screenshot (14)

Devices / Platforms

Today Pandora is available across virtually all platforms; including car radio systems, almost all mobile devices, online computer streaming, and available on some smart televisions. Additionally Apple recently announced that Pandora will officially be one of the first apps available on the fist operating system of their new product, the Apple Watch (11). The Apple Watch is Apple’s newest device that incorporates a “smart watch” device with the interface of an iPhone. It is set to be released on April 24th, 2015.

Apple Watch Promotional Photo (Courtesy of Billboard)

Apple Watch Promotional Photo [15]
(Courtesy of Billboard)

Financials

On December 31st, 2014 Pandora released their end of the year Financial reports. The report showed a trend that Pandora’s year-over-year mobile and local advertising revenue both grew from 2013. Local advertising revenue was $152.9 million (155% increase from 2013), and mobile revenue alone accounted for $712 million (a large portion of Pandora’s total $920.8 million 2013 total revenue) which also was a 58% increase from 2013(9).

Pandora accredits this success to the fact that 2014 was the highest year of mobile monetization in company history. Pandora’s 2015 Q1 financial report will be reported publicly on April 24th, 2015.

Competition

Today Pandora’s primary competitors include Spotify, iHeart Media, iTunes Radio, and Sirius XM to name a few. Although each of these services differ slightly, Pandora is still the leader in total users of all of these streaming services(3).

Additionally, two new companies have been in the music streaming service news recently. The first being Jay-Z’s newly launched music streaming service Tidal, and the second being Apple’s currently unnamed and soon to launch streaming service. Tidal launched March 30th, 2015(12) following a $56 million acquisition by artist Jay-Z of the parent-company Aspiro(13). Tidal is unique because unlike Pandora and Spotify, Tidal has two paid monthly subscription tiers with no option of free listening for the user. With only 500,000 users at launch it is unclear if Tidal will be a future competitor.

At the Tidal launch on March 30th, 2015 artists Alicia Keys, Arcade Fire, Beyonce, Calvin Harris, Christ Martin of Coldplay, Daft Punk, Deadmau5, Jack White, Jason Aldean, J.Cole, Jay-Z, Kanye West, Madonna, Nicki Minaj, Rihanna, and Usher signing the company's constitution.

Various A list artists at the Tidal launch event on March 30th, 2015 in New York City. (Courtesy of New York Post) [16]

In August of 2015, Apple acquired Beats Music for $404 million dollars(17). Currently there has been much speculation as to what Apple is planning to do with their service and when it will launch, however there are a few factors to keep in mind:

First the acquisition of Beats Music has brought Apple music taste makers like Jimmi Iovine (former CEO of Interscope Records), Andre “Dr. Dre” Young (founder of Beats Music), and Zane Lowe of BBC Radio 1. Potential for more human music curation.
Secondly, Apple as of 2013 had a user base of 500 million paid users(18), which since has no doubt increased, allowing them to potentially launch a music streaming service with an unprecedented initial user base.

Future

Pandora is in the fortunate position where it is a pioneer of music streaming, in a market becoming oversaturated with competitors. Pandora sets itself aside by possessing the most users of any of these services, 81.5 million users, and by having a unique streaming service / business model. With all this said, Pandora recently has begun entering the live entertainment, fan interaction, and brand sponsorships parts of the music industry.

For the 4th year in a row, Pandora has sponsored an event held an event at Austin, TX during the South by Southwest Music Festival.

2014 Pandora Discovery Den admat (courtesy of mxdwn.com) [19]

Called “The Pandora Discovery Den”, Pandora selected over 35 current notable musicians from the genres of electronic, hip-hop / R&B, and rock. Held over 4 days, Pandora was able to showcase many up and coming artists that are featured and heavily streamed on Pandora. Each day is a new genre, and all performances were broadcasted live on Pandora’s web & mobile outlets. This event allowed fan interaction for those attending South by Southwest as well as fan interaction for those who couldn’t attend the fest but lived vicariously through the live broadcast.

Additionally, Pandora continued this fan interaction on January 30th, 2015 Pandora continued its fan interaction by presenting a live stream of Jack White’s sold-out performance at Madison Square Garden. In anticipation of the live stream Pandora, in conjunction with Jack White’s record label Third Man Records, curated a Jack White digital mixtape that was exclusively available to Pandora users. The live stream was made available for 72 hours after The Madison Square Garden show, again allowing Pandora fans to vicariously experience the concert(20). The below clip(21) shows Jordan Klepper interviewing Jack White speaking about his upcoming MSG show; an example of additional content created by Pandora that was used exclusively during this campaign.

Finally Pandora in early April, in a joint venture with AEG Live’s Concerts West, announced an official tour pre-sale for the Rolling Stone’s upcoming ZIP CODE tour exclusively through Pandora. Pandora users were given access to pre-sale tickets 4 days before the general sale began on April 13th, 2015(22). And Pandora again created a digital mixtape of songs hand selected by members of the Rolling Stones themselves. This campaign was beneficial to both parties, and offered Pandora increased outreach with their fans, establish a relationship with major concert promoter AEG Live, as well as continued their pursuit of the live entertainment market.

All three of these events show the future direction Pandora as a company is currently moving towards. Pandora will continue the success of their already well established streaming service, while developing the company to include new outlets within their business model.

Sources

(1) – Pandora Logo – press.pandora.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(2) – Pandora App Logo – press.pandora.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(3) – Pandora User Number – statista.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(4)- Pandora One pricing – pandora.com/one – RT: 4/17/2015

(5) – Brian McAndrews Headshot – rightstartups.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(6) – Tim Westergren Headshot – chicagoideas.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(7) – Sara Clemens Headshot – thedeal.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(8) – Spotify User Number – press.spotify.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(9) – Pandora End of the Year Financial Report 2014 – press.pandora.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(10) – SoundExchange Fees – gigaom.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(11) – Billboard Apple Watch – billboard.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(12) – Tidal Launch – billboard.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(13) – Aspiro Yahoo Finance – yahoo.com/finance – RT: 4/17/2015

(14) – Pandora Screenshot – pandora.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(15) – Billboard Apple Watch Photo – billboard.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(16) – Tidal Signing Photo – nypost.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(17) – Apple Acquisition of Beats – forbes.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(18) – Apple 500 Million Users – appleinsider.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(19) – Pandora SXSW Poster – music.mxdwn.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(20) – Jack White Pandora Press MSG – press.pandora.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(21) – Jack White Pandora MSG 72 Hour Stream – youtube.com – RT: 4/17/2015

(21) – Pandora / AEG Exclusive Presale – press.pandora.com – RT: 4/17/2015

Sirius XM Radio

Posted on November 3, 2013 by Stephanie Bronfein

By Stephanie Bronfein

The official SiriusXM logo, courtesy of siriusxm.com [1]

SiriusXM Satellite Radio

1221 Avenue of the Americas

New York, NY 10020

www.siriusxm.com

Social Media: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube

History [2]:

SiriusXM Radio is one of the largest radio broadcast and subscription media companies in the United States that provides original content to 25.6 million subscribers. Their commercial-free programming covers a diverse range of music, sports, talk, entertainment, traffic and weather shows, with celebrity personalities such as Howard Stern, Oprah Winfrey, The Grateful Dead, Pearl Jam and Tiesto. While the most popular way that consumers experience SiriusXM Radio is through satellite radio in their cars, it is also available for the home or office and can be streamed through SiriusXM Radio’s website or through Apple and Android mobile applications.

Key Executives [3]:

James E. Meyer – CEO

Scott Greenstein – President & CCO

Dara Altman – Executive VP & CAO

David J. Frear – Executive VP & CFO

All photos courtesy of SiriusXM Radio. For more information on the company’s executives click here.

Financial Standing:

SiriusXM Stock Change from 11/12 to 11/13, courtesy of siriusxm.com [4].

With 36 million shares to its name, SiriusXM Radio’s stock value sits at $3.68, with a 52-week high of $4.18 and a 52-week low of $2.67 [4]. Since the third quarter of 2012, the recorded revenue has increased 11% to $962 million. The adjusted EBIDTA increased 21% to a new record of $296 million and free cash flow increased 26% to $245 million [5].

Liberty Media Takeover:

Liberty Media Logo, courtesy of forbes.com [9].

SiriusXM Radio shareholders finally spoke up this August about Liberty Media Corporation gaining control of over 50% of the company, which resulted in former Chief Executive Officer Mel Karmazin leaving the company, along with a string of other directors. In 2009, when SiriusXM Radio was considering filing for bankruptcy, John Malone of Liberty Media offered a $530 million investment to get the subscription satellite radio company back on its feet. This deal allotted 40% control over the company to Malone and included a three-year grace period where Malone could not acquire a controlling interest in SiriusXM Radio’s shares [6].

In light of this period’s expiration at the end of last year, SiriusXM Radio shareholders failed to find a loophole in the investment-agreement terms to prevent Malone from buying out the company, so he did just that. What’s more, Malone didn’t allow other shareholders to vote on the deal. This is the main contention that SiriusXM Radio shareholders have against Liberty Media. Shareholders even went as far as suing the SiriusXM Radio board of directors in Aug. 2012 for not creating a strong enough defense against the Liberty Media takeover in the original investment-agreement [7].

As of the end of August, SiriusXM Radio share value has increased more than 2,160% at $3.62 since the Liberty Media investment was made, where shares were valued at as low as $0.16 [7].

Liberty Media also holds controlling shares of the Atlanta Braves, Leisure Arts, Inc., MacNeil/Lehrer Productions and TruePosition, Inc [8].

SoundExchange Sues SiriusXM:

SoundExchange Logo, courtesy of forbes.com [10].

On Aug. 16th, SoundExchange filed a lawsuit against SiriusXM Radio for $50 to $100 million in damages, claiming that the radio provider underpaid artist royalties from 2007 to 2011 [12].

SoundExchange is an independent nonprofit organization that has been designated by the Copyright Royalty Board to collect digital performance royalties from statutory license users—such as SiriusXM Radio—for the purpose of distributing those royalties to the rightful copyright owners and artists. As the only Satellite Digital Audio Radio Service in the country, it has been decided by the Copyright Royalty Board that SiriusXM Radio should pay a federal statutory royalty rate to avoid penalty of copyright infringement for the public performance of sound recordings that they do not own (via transmitting them to their subscribers). This rate is applied to the gross revenue as defined by the Copyright Royalty Board, which was settled between 6-8% for the years of 2007 to 2012 [11].

At the root of the lawsuit, which is compromised of four different counts against SiriusXM Radio, is a claim that the gross revenue has been reduced without proper authorization from the Copyright Royalty Board, causing a multi-million dollar underpayment to SoundExchange [11]. Essentially, SiriusXM Radio has been cornered for their bad accounting.

From their reported gross revenue, SiriusXM Radio excluded revenue collected from pre-1972 sound recordings, incremental revenue on SiriusXM Radio’s premier subscription package and two additional subscription packages that include both music and talk programming [12]. On top of these three counts against SiriusXM Radio is a claim that they did not pay late fees to SoundExchange on time—in part due to the fact that they didn’t know that they apparently owed SoundExchange millions of dollars—and SoundExchange expects to collect interest on these late fees [13].

While copyright law does not protect pre-1972 sound recordings, the Copyright Royalty Board requires that those who publicly perform them must separately recognize the attributed revenue generated—if SiriusXM Radio chooses to exclude this revenue from the reported gross revenue to SoundExchange, the deduction must be precise and the methodology transparent. Since SiriusXM Radio does not distinguish the revenue made from different kinds of music programming, the percentage that they attribute to the pre-1972 sound recording revenue can only be defined as an assumption, and is therefore unlawful [11].

SiriusXM Radio excluded incremental revenue that was garnered from the pricing difference between its standard package and its premier package. While the subscription satellite radio service is allowed to exclude channels that don’t include music programming—and the premier package only gives consumers additional talk/news programming—the additional channels offered in the premiere package aren’t offered for a separate charge [12]. In plain, the premier package also includes all of the programming from the standard package, meaning that it unlawfully excludes publicly performed sound recordings from its reported gross revenues [11].

In the same vein, SiriusXM Radio excluded revenue from the Family Friendly and Mostly Music packages, which were originally offered from XM Radio before the merger and contain both music and talk programming. The publicly performed sound recordings in these packages are supposed to be covered by a statutory license. Once again, SiriusXM Radio did not spell out the method by which they separately recognize revenue garnered from music and talk channels in these packages, therefore making the reduction from gross revenue unauthorized by the Copyright Royalty Board [11]. Of all the exclusions, this one makes the least sense.

At the time that this post was published (Nov. 20th, 2013), SiriusXM Radio has declined to comment on the lawsuit and no progress has been made to the public in regards to securing a jury trial date.

New Programming:

David Bowie, photo courtesy of billboard.com [14].

David Bowie’s Limited-Run Station [14]:

From October 30th through November 12th, SiriusXM Radio ran a limited-time station revolving around David Bowie’s latest album, “The Next Day,” which premiered on November 5th. As a promotional effort for the album, the station revealed five songs from an expanded version of the album. Other programming included rare demos, covers and live performances of Bowie’s.

Danny Howard, photo courtesy of billboard.com [15].

UK DJ Danny Howard Brings EDM radio show to BPM [15]:

Premiering December 5th on the BPM station, Danny Howard will join an elite group of European DJ’s to showcase what’s hot in the UK and European electronic dance music scene. With this weekly show, he hopes to break DJs and producers from his side of the pond that might not have gotten stateside exposure. Prior to accepting this stateside residency with SiriusXM Radio, Howard hosted a show on BBC Radio 1 titled, “Dance Anthems with Danny Howard.”

21st Century FOX logo, photo courtesy of 21cf.com [17].

FOX Business returns to SiriusXM Radio [16]:

Originally dropped in 2008 after Sirius Satellite Radio merged with XM Satellite Radio, FOX Business reclaims its spot next to FOX News as another 21st Century Fox radio station. With their nationally regarded collection of personalities, the stations are sure to attract a wide audience with their discussion of news, politics and current affairs. The deal is set to last through 2019.

Sources:

1. SirusXM Logo

2. SiriusXM Corporate Overview

3. SiriusXM Key Executive Bios

4. SiriusXM Stock Quote

5. SiriusXM Third Quarter Financial Results

6. Bloomberg Article on SiriusXM Investor’s Being Shortchanged by the Liberty Media Takeover

7. Billboard Article on SiriusXM Shareholder’s Position on Liberty Media Takeover

8. Liberty Media Asset List

9. Liberty Media Logo

10. SoundExchange Logo

11. SoundExchange Sues SiriusXM Radio – Filed Complaint